災難應變---自製濾水器

生活在現代的都市人，無論是衣食住行都要以電力維持現代生活，連最基本的食水，人們都依賴政 府的水務處供應新鮮的淡水來維持生命所需。

但是，萬一發生地震、海嘯或火山爆發等的天然災害， 導致電力供應中斷的話，連自來水的供應都會中斷。

所以，知道如何自製一個不需要用電操作，甚至只需要用一些就地取材的廢物所製造的「簡單濾水器」，對將會出現的危難事件，是非常重要的維生知識。

當電力供應中斷，政府不能再供應食水，而你身處的地帶沒有清澈又清潔的可飲用淡水時，就可以 用以下片段介紹的方法來自製濾水器。

首要是濾走絕大部分肉眼可見的水中雜質，然後，再使用原有的專業濾水器過濾，這樣，不單在危難時有水可喝，更可以使手上專業而昂貴的濾水器，不會因為水源有大量沙石而報廢，增加使用的年期。

但須留意，用以下的方式自製的濾水器，仍然不可以直接飲用，因為這濾水器並沒有針對殺掉水中的細菌和病毒來設計。

Stay away from large groups and unorganized mobs. The potential for disaster is much greater in a mobmentality. Everyone is acting on instinct instead of rational thought. In the event of a global catastrophe,drinking water may become very hard to find. I’m going to show you how to make a water filter at the things which you can find lying around.

要遠離群眾及暴民。因為在「從眾心理」的影響下，那裡會變得非常危險。在暴亂中，各人都按直覺做事，不會理性思考。若遇上全球性的災難，食水供應可能會短缺。我會示範如何簡單製造一個濾水器，所須材料是周圍都找得到的。

Alright. I’m going to show you how to make a water filter for absolutely free and it’s a good water filter too. I think you will be amazed.

好吧！讓我示範如何製造一絕對免費的濾水器。這個濾水器挺不錯的，我想你會感到驚喜。
First of all, we have a bottle. I’m using a 1-litre bottle here for demonstration. But you're gonna use a 2 or 3-litre bottle, or a plastic milk jug or a big Hi-C container, Something larger.

首先，你需要一個瓶子，我會用一個1 公升的瓶子做示範，但你可能需要一個2 或3 公升的瓶子，塑料奶壺或Hi-C 牌大果汁瓶，比這個更大的。

This is just for demonstration I have. It’s already cut off the bottom. I cut a little notches in this part so that the lid goes on in here.

這瓶子只是用作示範而已，我已把它的底部割開。
我在這裡割了些小缺口，好讓蓋子能夠蓋上。

OK, I get a rock. OK, I have some small pebbles. I have some medium-sized rocks. You've got sand. And we've got charcoal that are already pretty broken up into little BB sized pieces

好，我預備了一塊石頭。好，這裡還有些細卵石和中等大小的石塊。還有沙， 這裡還有木炭，已經給弄碎至非常細小的炭塊。

And I'll tell you how to do that as I'm demonstrating the filter. So first thing we're gonna do, is we're going to, Pick that up off the filler. And take this. Take a rock and put that down there like that as the blocker to keep everything from falling through. We're gonna take our middle-sized rocks here. And we're gonna put a bunch of this medium-sized rocks and then like that.

好，讓我示範如何做一個濾水器。首要作的，就是把水瓶這部分除下， 拿著這個， 取一塊石頭，像這樣放進去，以防東西從這裡漏出，然後取些中等大小的石塊，把這些中型的石塊，像這樣放進去。

OK? Then the next thing we're gonna do, We’re going to take a bunch of our pebble-sized rocks. We’re going to put them down, as such. You know there's a couple that'll drop out, but what will happen is that will eventually totally stop.

行嗎？之後，就是取一堆卵石般大的石塊，把它們放進去，像這樣。有一些會掉出來，但總會停下來。

OK. So now we have that like that. What we’re gonna do, we are going to take our charcoal and we are gonna put that down in there like that. OK. Tap it down a little bit. Push it down in there until it’s nice and tight. Nice and packed in there.

Then we’re gonna want to take just one of these smaller rocks. Just put a thin layer on top of here, like that. This is where your sand comes in. Sand always goes from the top. Put your sand in there, as such. You want to leave a little space on top of here for pouring your water into.

好了，有了這部分。之後，取些木炭放進去，像這樣。好，輕敲幾下。把它推下去，直至整齊和緊密，使它整齊和擠滿。然後，取這些較小的石塊，只需在上面薄薄鋪一層，像這樣。這是用沙子的時候。沙總是放在頂部。在那裡放沙子，像這樣，你要在上面留點空間讓你倒水。

Now, like I said, you’re gonna want to use a 2 or 3-litre bottle to do this because you’ll be able to filter more water and get the water much cleaner. This is just a quick demonstration to show you how well these filters work.

現在，如我所說，你可使用一個2 或3 升容量的瓶子，因為這樣能夠過濾更多的水，並且水會更清 潔，這只是一個快速顯示濾水器如何運作的示範。

So we have the rock, some medium-sized rocks, small little pebbles, layer of charcoal, a little layer ofsmaller rocks and then sand on the top of that, as you can see here. And that’s basically the construction ofthe water filter. Right there.

好，我們有這石塊，一些中等大小的石塊、細卵石、木炭層、細碎的岩石層，然後沙子在上面，你可以在這裡看到。這基本上就是濾水器的結構，就是這樣。

OK.Now for the cool part of the demonstration. I have already run a glass of water through here to rinse the dust of the charcoal. There’s always gonna be dust on it. You’re gonna want to run a glass to it if you’re using a 2 or 3-litre bottle. You’re gonna want to run a couple of glasses of water to, until you see the water come out clear. Then you’ll know you’ve rinsed all the carbon dust out of there.

好，現在就是示範中很棒的部分。我已經在這裡倒了一杯水去沖洗木炭的塵。木炭總會有塵。如果你使用的是2 或3 升的瓶子，你要倒一杯水進去。你要再倒幾杯水，直到你看到清晰的過濾水出來。然後，你就知道你已經清洗了所有碳塵。

But anyway, you can see this water. Very nasty, stagnant, floaters on the top. Pretty nasty stuff. You wouldn’t drink that in a million years. But once you put it through here, it’s going to be a lot better.

但無論如何，你現在可以看到這杯水是非常骯髒、發臭的，並帶有漂浮物，非常討厭，你永遠都不會想喝。但是，把它放在這裡過濾就會好多了。